The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

General Information ¹

Added Shah et al. as reference 5 ².

Cellular Classification and Prognostic Variables ³

Added text ⁴ to state that the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer reported no adverse prognostic significance for overt testicular involvement at diagnosis (cited Sirvent et al. as reference 10).

Added text ⁵ to state that high leukemia cell expression of the gene for interleukin-15 is associated with an increased likelihood of CNS3 status at diagnosis and also may predict for a higher rate of CNS relapse in patients who present with CNS1 status at diagnosis (cited Cario et al. as reference 38).

Added Zhou et al. as reference 113 ⁶.

Added text ⁷ to state that clinical trials of three major United States pediatric ALL groups use MRD measurements to determine post-induction treatment.

Postinduction Treatment for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Subgroups ⁸

Added Silverman et al. as reference 9 ⁹.

Added Tomizawa et al. as reference 10 ⁹.

Recurrent Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ¹⁰

Added text ¹¹ to state that some evidence that matched unrelated donor transplantation may yield a lower relapse rate (cited Gassas et al. as reference 44).