The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

Treatment Option Overview ¹

Added text ² about a trial that closed early but was designed to assign patients with resectable squamous cell or adenocarcinoma of the thoracic esophagus to treatment with preoperative chemoradiation therapy followed by esophagectomy and nodal dissection or surgery alone (cited Tepper et al. as reference 18 and level of evidence 1iiA).

Added text ³ about a phase III trial that compared induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation therapy followed by surgery, or induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation therapy without surgery for patients with T3 or T4 squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, with overall survival as the outcome (cited Stahl et al. as reference 19 and level of evidence 1iiA).

Stage II Esophageal Cancer ⁴

Added text ⁵ to include chemoradiation as a second standard treatment option.

Stage III Esophageal Cancer ⁶

Added text ⁷ to include chemoradiation as a second standard treatment option.