A human karyotype is a display of its genome. It shows all the chromosomes present in an individual after they have been stained and arranged in pairs called homologs. This is a male karyotype because there is an X and a Y chromosome present.

The centromere of a chromosome is the region that separates the two arms. The arm above the centromere, which is shorter, is called the p arm, while the longer arm is the q arm.